Keeb Kwm Kev Txhim Kho ntawm Excavators

Thaum pib, excavators yog phau ntawv, thiab nws tau tshaj 130 xyoo txij li thaum lawv invention nyob rau hauv 2013. Lub sij hawm no, lawv tau dhau los ntawm ib tug gradual txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug gradual txoj kev loj hlob los ntawm ib tug bucket rotary excavators rau hluav taws xob thiab internal combustion engine tsav teb excavators, thiab tag nrho tsis siv neeg. hydraulic excavators uas siv electromechanical hydraulic integration technology. Thawj hydraulic excavator tau ntse tsim los ntawm lub Hoobkas Poclain hauv Fabkis. Raws li kev siv tshuab hydraulic, hydraulic backhoe raug tshem tawm excavators tau teeb tsa rau cov tsheb laij teb hauv xyoo 1940. Nyob rau hauv 1951, thawj tag nrho hydraulic backhoe excavator twb launched los ntawm lub Hoobkas Poclain nyob rau hauv Fabkis, qhib ib tug tshiab qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm excavator technology kev loj hlob. Thaum ntxov thiab nruab nrab -1950s, lub rub tag nrho cov teb hydraulic excavator thiab tracked tag nrho hydraulic excavator tau ua tiav lawm. Qhov kev sim thawj zaug hydraulic excavator siv hydraulic technology los ntawm aircraft thiab tshuab cuab yeej, tab sis tsis muaj hydraulic Cheebtsam haum rau ntau yam kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub excavator, uas ua rau tsis ruaj tsis khov manufacturing zoo thiab tsis tiav cov khoom txhawb nqa. Txij li thaum xyoo 1960, hydraulic excavators tau nkag mus rau theem ntawm kev txhawb nqa thiab kev loj hlob, nrog kev nce nrawm ntawm cov tuam txhab excavator thiab ntau yam hauv ntau lub teb chaws, uas ua rau muaj kev nce qib hauv kev tsim khoom. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm xyoo 1968 thiab 1970, hydraulic excavator ntau lawm suav txog 83% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv excavator, nce mus txog 100%.
Thawj tiam ntawm excavators: Qhov tshwm sim ntawm hluav taws xob motors thiab combustion engines muab excavators siab heev thiab haum cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, ua rau yug ntawm ntau yam excavator khoom. Xyoo 1899, thawj lub tshuab hluav taws xob excavator tau tshwm sim. Tom qab Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1, lub tshuab hluav taws xob kuj tau siv rau hauv excavators, thiab hom tshuab excavator uas tau tsav los ntawm diesel xyaw (los yog hluav taws xob motors) yog thawj tiam excavator.
Qhov thib ob tiam excavator: Nrog dav siv ntawm hydraulic technology, excavators muaj ntau scientifically siv kis tau tus mob li, thiab hydraulic kis tau tus mob hloov txhua yam kis tau tus mob yog ib tug loj leap nyob rau hauv excavator technology. Thawj hydraulic excavator nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees yug nyob rau hauv 1950. Mechanical kis tau tus mob hydraulics yog lub thib ob tiam excavator.
Peb tiam excavators: Kev siv dav siv hauv tshuab hluav taws xob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv tshuab computer, tau ua kom cov excavators muaj kev tswj hwm lub tshuab thiab kuj tau coj mus rau kev tsim cov excavators rau kev ua haujlwm siab, automation, thiab kev txawj ntse. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm mechatronics tau tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig xyoo 1965, thaum kev siv tshuab mechatronics ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm hydraulic pib nyob ib ncig ntawm 1985, nrog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kev txuag hluav taws xob. Lub electronicization ntawm excavators yog lub cim ntawm peb tiam excavators.
Cov tuam txhab lag luam excavator tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub pawg. Ntau tshaj 70% ntawm domestic excavators yog nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws hom, nrog domestic hom mas tsom rau me me thiab nruab nrab excavators. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib faib ntawm cov excavators hauv tsev yog maj mam nce, nrog rau ib lub xyoo nce ntawm 3.6% hauv 2012.